det er et led i

* * *

I. (en -er)

( retning) side, direction;

[ på alle leder og kanter] in all directions; all over;

[ 3 meter på hver led]

(dvs i kvadrat) 3 metres square;

[ på den lange led] lengthwise.

II. (et -)

(anat) joint;

( af kæde) link;

( bevægelig forbindelse) joint, link;

( slægtskabsgrad) generation;

(mat.) term;

(arkit, gram.) member;

(mil.) unit;

[ af led] out of joint;

[ gå af led] be dislocated;

[ sætte i led]

(med.) set;

[ manglende led]

(biol) missing link;

[ det er et led i] it forms (el. is) part of ( fx his plan).

III. (et -)

( låge) gate.

IV. adj

( fæl) disgusting,

F odious,

( stærkere) loathsome;

T nasty;

[ led og ked af] sick and tired of, fed up (to the teeth) with;

[ være led ved] loathe.

V. præt af lide.

No chain is stronger than its weakest link.

* * *

* * *

vb (gik, gået) go;

( gå på sine ben) walk;

( om tid) go, pass, go by;

( spilles, opføres) be on ( fx there is a good film on at the Palladium), run ( fx the play ran for six months; is that film still running?),

(mere F) be played, be performed;

( sælges) sell, be sold;

(gram.: bøjes) go, be inflected;

( være passende) do;

( rækkes fra hånd til hånd) go round, pass;

( gå i stykker) go, break;

( trække sig tilbage fra embede) go,

( gå på pension) retire,

( træde tilbage fra højere post, og om regering) resign;

(om maskineri etc) run ( fx the engine is running smoothly; the drawer

( skuffen) runs smoothly; the machine runs by electricity);

( om tog) run ( fx the trains did not run on Sundays),

( afgå) leave, go ( fx when does the train leave (el. go)? it leaves

(el. goes) at 10);

[ de går, han (, hun) går]

(teat) exeunt, exit,

( i nyere stykker oftest) they go (, he, she goes) (off stage);

[ døren gik] the door opened and shut; somebody came in (, went out);

[ møllen går] the mill is turning;

[ radioen går hele dagen] the radio is on all day;

[ snakken gik] the conversation was in full swing,

(dvs sladderen) people were talking;

[ snakken gik livligt] the conversation was animated;

[ der er gået tre trumfer] three trumps are out (el. have gone);

(se også dans, rygte, tur, ur etc);

[ med adv, pron etc:]

[ blive gået]

(dvs afskediget) be retired;

[ det gik helt anderledes] it turned out quite differently;

[ det er gået dårligt for mig] things have gone badly with me, I have had bad luck;

[ det gik dårligt med ham]

(mht helbred) he was in a bad way;

[ det gik dårligt med foretagendet] the enterprise did not succeed;

[ gå fri] escape,

( få lov at slippe) be let off;

[ uret går godt] the watch keeps good time;

[ det går godt med ham, det går ham rigtig godt] he is doing well;

[ forretningen går godt] the business is thriving;

[ hvordan går det ( med helbredet)?] how are you?

T how is it going? how goes it?

(se også ndf: gå med);

[ hvordan det end går] whatever happens;

[ den går ikke] that won't do,

(= du kan tro nej!) no you don't! nothing doing! I'm not having any!

[ lad gå!] all right! let it pass!

[ jeg vil lade det gå for denne gang] I'll overlook it this time;

[ lade ham gå]

(dvs sætte fri) let him go;

(dvs lade i fred) leave him alone;

[ det går meget let] that is very easy;

[ sådan gik det i tre år] things went on like that for three years;

[ sådan går det her i verden] that is the way of the world;

[ sådan går det ( med) alle store mænd] that is what happens to all great men;

[ gå tabt] be lost,

(se også tabe);

(se også III. fejl, II. galt, højt, ledig, løs, nok, rigtig, vild);

[ faste forbindelser med præp og adv:]

[ gå af]

( løsne sig) come off,

( om noget limet også) come unstuck;

( om skydevåben) go off,

( om skud) be fired;

( gå på pension) retire,

( trække sig tilbage, især fra højere stilling, og om regering) resign;

( forløbe) go (el. pass) off;

[ hvad går der af ham] what is the matter with him? what has come over him?

(se også II. led, mode, vej);

[ gå af i stilhed] pass off quietly;

[ gå af med], se pension, sejr;

[ det kan gå af på min gæld] you can deduct it from what I owe you;

[ gå an]

( være acceptabel) do ( fx will these shoes do?);

[ det går an] it will do;

[ det går aldrig an] it will never do;

[ gå bagover] fall backwards;

[ jeg var ved at gå bagover af forbavselse] you could have knocked me down with a feather;

[ gå bort] go away;

(dø) die, pass away;

[` gå efter]

( hente) go for, go to fetch,

T go and get;

( rette sig efter) go by, go on ( fx we have nothing to go by (el.

on)), act on ( fx his advice, his recommendation);

[gå ` efter]

( undersøge) go over ( fx all the details), go into ( fx the

matter),

( gøre rent, reparere) go over ( fx she went over the room with a duster),

( grundigt, om bil, skib) overhaul;

(friske el. male op) touch up ( fx an article);

( efterkontrollere) go (el. check) over, go (el. check) through;

[ hvis det gik efter mit hoved] if I had my way;

[ gå efter lyden] go in the direction of the sound;

[ gå for]

( gælde, regnes for) pass for, be supposed to be;

( blive solgt for) go for;

[ hvad går her for sig?] what is going on here?

[ hvornår skal det gå for sig?] when is it to come off? when is it to be?

[ det går godt for ham] he is doing well;

[ intet ville gå for ham] nothing went right for him;

[gå foran præp] go before,

F precede;

adv go (, walk) ahead (el. in front), lead the way;

[ gå forbi] pass;

[ gå forud for, gå fremfor] precede;

(fig) take precedence of (el. over);

[gå ` fra]

( løsne sig) come loose;

( om noget limet) come unstuck;

( skulle fradrages) be deducted;

(opgive fx eksamen) give up;

(opgive studium etc) drop out;

[` gå fra]

( forlade) leave (behind);

( lade i stikken) desert ( fx one's wife);

[ gå fra borde], se bord;

[ gå fra forstanden], se forstand;

[ gå fra hinanden]

(dvs hver til sit) part, separate;

(dvs i stykker) go to pieces, split;

[ gå fra sit ord] go back on one's word;

[ gå frem] advance, go forward;

( gøre fremskridt) make progress;

( bære sig ad) act,

F proceed;

[ gå lige frem] walk straight ahead;

[ gå fremad] advance,

F proceed;

( gøre fremskridt) make progress;

[ det går fremad med ham]

(dvs det går ham godt) he is getting on;

(mht helbredet) his health is improving;

( han bliver dygtigere) he is coming on;

[ gå hen: gå ubemærket hen] pass off unnoticed;

[ gå ikke hen og bliv syg] don't go and be ill;

[ han er gået hen og har købt en bil] he's (been and) gone and bought a car;

[ gå let hen over] pass lightly over;

T skate over;

(se også hoved);

[ gå hen til ham] go (up) to him; walk over to him;

( for at besøge ham) go and see him; look him up;

[` gå i]

( være klædt i) wear;

[gå `i]

( lukke sig) close;

[ gå i biografen (, teatret, skole)] go to the cinema (, the theatre, school);

[han går i sit 50. år] he is in his fiftieth year;

[ gå i femte klasse] be in the fifth class;

[ hun går lige i folk] people fall for her straight away;

[ den slags historier går lige i folk] people lap up that kind of story;

[ gå i sig selv] think better of it,

F repent;

[ planen gik i sig selv igen] the scheme came to nothing;

(se også blod, I. død, frø, kloster, krig, kød, land, moder, orden,

II. ret, I. stykke, vand, vejr);

[` gå igen] leave again;

[gå ` igen] be repeated,

F recur;

( om genfærd) walk; haunt the house (, room etc);

[ gå igennem] pass (through), go through;

( undersøge) go over, go through;

( lide) go through,

F undergo;

( blive vedtaget) be carried, pass, go through;

[ ansøgningen gik igennem] the application was granted;

[ (radio)udsendelsen gik godt igennem] reception was good;

(se også marv);

[ gå imod]

( i fjendtlig hensigt) go against;

( hen imod) go towards;

( modarbejde) oppose;

[ hvad er der gået dig imod?] what is worrying you? what has upset you?

[ alting går mig imod] nothing seems to be going my way;

[ gå ind]

( træde ind) go in, enter;

(om avis etc) cease publication;

(se også jagt);

[ gå ind ad døren] go in through (, enter by) the door;

[ gå ind for]

( støtte) support ( fx a proposal),

( være fortaler for) be an advocate of ( fx reform), advocate,

( anbefale) recommend;

[ gå ind for en sag] adopt (el. identify oneself with) a cause;

[ gå ind for hans politik] go in for (el. adopt el. advocate) his policy;

[ jeg går ind for at] I think that, I vote that;

[ gå ind i] go into, enter,

(i forening etc) join;

[ gå ind i hæren] join the army;

[ den gik lige ind]

(dvs han forstod det) it went right in; he got the message;

[ den slags går lige ind hos dem]

(dvs de elsker det) they lap up that kind of thing;

[ gå ind på]

( bevæge sig ind i) enter ( fx enter one's office);

( beskæftige sig med) go into ( fx go into details);

( give sin tilslutning til) agree to, accept ( fx accept a proposal), fall in with ( fx an arrangement, a joke);

[ gå nærmere ind på] go into details about;

[ gå ind til de andre] join the others;

(se også evig (hvile));

[ gå indad]

( om dør) open inwards;

[ han går indad på fødderne] his feet turn in; he turns in his feet (in walking);

[ gå itu] break, come (el. go) to pieces;

[ gå med]

( ledsage) go with, come with,

F accompany;

( bære) carry ( fx a pistol, a gas mask, a cane),

( være iført) wear ( fx a gas mask, glasses, a ring, a hat);

(se også krykke);

( om par) go out with,

T date ( fx he's dating her);

( uddele) deliver ( fx newspapers, milk; bread for a baker);

[gå ` med]

(adv) come with somebody (, me, etc), go along;

( forbruges) be consumed, be spent;

( blive ødelagt) be destroyed, be lost;

[ går du med?] are you coming (too)? are you coming with me (, us)?

[ gå med aviser (, mælk)]

( også) do a newspaper round (, milk round);

[ hvordan går det med ham?] how is he getting on?

[ hvordan går det med arbejdet?] how is the work getting on? how are you getting on with your work?

[ det går dårligt (, godt) med], se ovf: det går...;

[ gå med stok] walk with a stick,

( til pynt) carry a stick;

[ gå stille med noget] keep something quiet;

(se også dør);

[ gå med hovedet på skrå] carry one's head on one side;

[ sådan går det med de fleste] that is what happens to most people;

[ hele dagen gik med at forberede festen] they (, we etc) spent the whole day preparing the party;

[ gå med på] agree to ( fx the terms, the plan, the proposal), fall in with ( fx the proposal);

(se også værst);

[ gå med til]

(dvs ind på) agree to;

[ gå ned] go down,

F descend;

(om sol etc) set, go down;

( om flyvemaskine) land, come down;

(om skib etc = synke) go down;

( om pris, temperatur etc) fall,

( pludseligt) drop;

( om teatertæppe) fall, come down;

( bukke under) go under, go to the wall,

( gå fallit) go under, go bust;

(se også I. bakke, flag, I. klap);

[gå `om]

( gå omkring) walk about,

( blive rakt rundt) go round;

( udføres på ny) be repeated;

( i skole) repeat a class (, a year);

( om eksamen) retake (, kun skriftlig: resit) an examination,

( med objekt) retake (, resit) ( fx it is not possible to retake single papers);

[ lade kanden gå om] pass the jug;

[ kanden gik om] the jug went round;

[gå 3. klasse om] repeat the third class;

[ gå omkring] walk about;

[ der går en mur omkring byen] there is a wall round the town;

[ gå omkring i gaderne] walk about the streets;

[ gå op]

( stige, også om pris) rise, go up;

( om dør, vindue) open,

( pludseligt) fly open;

( om sammenføjning) come apart, give way;

(om knude etc) come undone,

( om noget limet) come unstuck;

( om regnestykke) come out, come right;

( om kabale) come out;

( om teatertæppe) rise;

(om fly etc) take off;

[ få til at gå op]

( om regnestykke) get out;

[ det går lige op]

(fig) it amounts to the same thing;

( vi er kvit) we are quits;

[ det gik op for mig at] I came to realize that, it dawned upon me that;

[ gå op i]

(dvs interessere sig for) be absorbed in; give one's mind to;

( gå helt op i) devote oneself to;

[ gå op i et fag]

( til eksamen) do an examination in a subject;

[ selskabet er gået op i et andet] the company has become merged in another;

[ to går op i fire] two will go into four; four is divisible by two;

[ gå op i sin rolle] identify oneself with one's part;

(se også I. lue, røg, I. spids);

[gå op med 6%] rise (el. go up) by 6%;

[ gå op til eksamen], se eksamen;

[ gå over]

( fra side til side) cross ( fx let us cross here), walk across;

( fortage sig) pass off, wear off;

( gå itu) break (in two),

( pludseligt, med et smæld) snap;

( overskride), se ndf: gå ud over;

(se også bred, forstand, streg);

[ gå over i] pass into;

[ gå over i historien], se historie;

[ gå over på andre hænder] pass into other hands; change hands;

[ gå over til] go over to ( fx the enemy; a Liberal MP went over to the Conservatives),

(neds) defect to ( fx he defected to the rebels);

( en mening) come round to;

( en religion) go over to, be converted to;

( anden virksomhed, andet emne) pass on to;

( udvikles til) become, pass into;

[ gå over til katolicismen] join (el. go over to) the Roman Catholic Church;

[gå `på]

( tage fat) go ahead, go on;

( angribe) go for him (, them etc);

( ske) happen ( fx it does not happen often);

(om handske etc) go on;

[` gå på]

(dvs angå) concern; be aimed at;

[ den går han ikke `på] he won't swallow (el. S buy) that; that won't go down with him;

[ det er hårdt at gå `på] it is tough luck;

[gå ( løs) på en] go for somebody;

(se også løs);

[ han lod sig ikke gå `på]

(dvs veg ikke) he stood his ground (like a man);

(dvs genere) he did not turn a hair;

[ det skal du ikke lade dig gå på af] don't let it get you down;

[ der går 100 p på et pund] there are a hundred pence to a pound;

(se også I. arbejde, hånd, melodi, nerve, opdagelse, universitet, vinge);

[ gå rundt] walk about, go round;

(se også rundt);

[` gå sammen] walk (, leave) together;

( om par) go out together,

T date ( fx they have been dating for over a year);

[ gå sammen om det]

(dvs gøre det i fællesskab) do it together;

[ gå sammen om at] join together to,

(dvs skyde penge sammen) club together to ( fx buy him a present);

[ gå sammen med dem om at] join forces with them to;

[gå ` til]

( fremskynde sin gang) walk faster,

F quicken one's pace;

( ske) come about, come (to pass), happen ( fx how did it happen? how did it come about that he was told? how did he come to lose the

money?);

( kræves) be required,

( forbruges) be spent, be consumed;

( om fodtøj) break in ( fx new boots, new shoes);

[ gå til den]

T go it;

[ det gik hedt til] feelings ran high,

T the fur really flew;

[ det gik livligt til] things got lively;

[ det gik underligt til med den sag] it was a queer business;

[ jeg er ved at gå ` til af varme] this heat is getting too much for me (el.

is getting me down);

(se også bord, film, hjerte, hvile, hånd, læge, II. ret, sag, scene, top,

valg);

[ gå tilbage] go back,

(især mil.) retreat;

(fig) decline; fall off ( fx membership ( medlemstallet) fell off);

[ lade handelen gå tilbage] call off the deal;

[ det er gået tilbage for ham] he has come down in the world;

[ vær venlig at gå tilbage i vognen!] pass right along the bus, please!

[ det går tilbage med ham] he is falling off; he is losing his grip;

[ gå tilbage til] return to, go back to,

( skrive sig fra) date from ( fx the house dates from the 17th

century);

[ gå ud] go out ( fx they go out a lot);

( om ild, lys) go out;

( om planter) die;

( udgå) be omitted, be left out, be dropped;

[ gå ud ad døren] go out of the door;

[ gå ud af] go out of, leave ( fx the room, school);

[ gå ud fra]

( forudsætte) assume, understand, take for granted ( fx I took it for granted that you would agree);

[ jeg går ud fra at]

( også) I take it that;

[ gå ud fra en urigtig forudsætning] act on a wrong assumption;

[ gå ud med én] go out with somebody;

[ gå ud over]

(dvs overskride) go beyond ( fx what is reasonable), pass,

F exceed ( fx all bounds alle grænser);

( påvirke, ramme) affect ( fx one's health);

[ det går ud over hans arbejde]

( også) his work suffers;

[ hans ondskab gik ud over ham selv] his malice rebounded on him;

[ dette vil gå ud over ham] he will be the one to suffer for this;

[ lade det gå ud over en anden]

(dvs når noget går én imod) take it out on somebody else;

[ lade sit raseri gå ud over] vent one's rage on;

[ gå ud på]

( tilsigte) aim at,

( udtrykke) be to the effect (that);

[ det går ud på at] the idea is that;

[ forslaget (, svaret) går ud på at] the proposal (, the answer) is to the effect that;

[ hans stræben går ud på] his object (el. aim) is;

[ jeg så hvad alt dette gik ud på] I perceived the drift of all this;

[ jeg ved hvad dine ønsker går ud på] I know what your wishes are;

[ gå uden om] walk (, go) round ( fx a hole in the road);

(fig) get round ( fx the difficulty);

( prøve at undgå) sidestep ( fx a problem),

F evade ( fx the difficulty, the question);

[ gå langt uden om én] give somebody a wide berth;

[ gå udenom] go round ( fx the gate was shut so we had to go round),

(fig: om sagens kerne) beat about the bush;

[gå ` under]

(mar) go down,

F founder;

( bukke under) go under, go to the wall;

( blive ødelagt) be destroyed;

[ hvis verden går under] if the world comes to an end;

(se også navn);

[ gå videre], se videre;

[ gå væk], se væk.

* * *

( bedre, bedst; se også disse ord og godt) good;

[ godt!] good! fine! all right!

[ godt det ikke er mig!] rather you (, them etc) than me!

[ med sb:]

[ god aften] good evening;

[ god dag], se goddag;

[ på godt dansk]

( uden omsvøb) in plain Danish;

[ en god gerning] a good turn (, F: deed);

[ af gode grunde] for very good reasons;

[ hans gode hjerte løb af med ham] his kind heart got the better of him;

[ af et godt hjerte] with all one's heart;

[ en god engelsk mil] a good mile;

[ en god time]

(dvs lidt over en time) a good hour;

(se også hoved, humør, jord, I. kort, mening, I. mine, navn, ord, tid,

I. vare, ven, vilje);

[ forbindelsen: det gode:]

[ for meget af det gode] too much of a good thing;

[ være af det gode] be all to the good;

[ med det gode]

( venligt) in a friendly way,

( med lempe) gently,

( godvilligt) voluntarily;

[ tage ham med det gode] use kindness;

[ han skal tages med det gode] he is easier led than driven;

[ med det gode eller det onde] by fair means or foul;

[ det gode ved det] the good thing about it;

[ med vb etc:]

[ hun gør meget godt] she does a lot of good;

[ gøre det godt igen] make it up;

[ det har du rigtig godt af] serves you right;

[ du ville have godt af at gå en tur] a walk would do you good;

[ du har ikke godt af kaffe] coffee is not good for you;

[ have det godt], se godt;

[ sige god for] vouch for, answer for;

[ tale godt om] speak well of;

[ det er godt at] it is a good thing that;

[ det kan være meget godt men] that is all very well but;

[ det er kun godt] that is all to the good;

[ han er god nok] he is all right,

(dvs ærlig, T) he is on the level;

[ han er ikke god nok til hende] he is not good enough for her;

[ den er god nok!]

T that is all right!

[ det er godt nok men] that's all very well but;

[ er det så godt?]

(dvs er du tilfreds) are you satisfied now?

[ så er det godt!]

(dvs hold op) that's enough! stop that!

T give it a rest!

S cut it out!

[ være så god at] be so good as to, be kind enough to;

[ vær så god!]

( i mange tilfælde bruges der intet tilsvarende på engelsk; bemærk dog:

når man rækker noget, kan siges, for at vække modtagerens

opmærksomhed:) here you are, sir (, madam),

( tjener siger:) thank you;

( opfordring til at komme ind til bordet) dinner (, breakfast etc) is ready;

( til gæster også) would you like to come in to dinner (etc)?

( opfordring til at forsyne sig) do help yourself;

( når man giver lov til noget) you are welcome, all right,

(dvs ja endelig) by all means;

( kom ind) (please) come in;

[ vær så god at tage plads] please take a seat; please (el. do) sit down;

[ med præp:]

[ have godt af], se ovf: det har du rigtig godt af;

[ hvad skal det gøre godt for?] what is that in aid of? what is the use?

[ godt for gigt] good for rheumatism;

[ han er god for beløbet] he is good for the amount;

[ intet er så galt at det ikke er godt for noget] it's an ill wind that blows nobody any good;

[ sige god for], se ovf: sige god for;

[ god imod] good to, kind to;

[ godt med penge] plenty of money;

[ den er god med dig!] don't give me that!

[ have det godt med sig selv] be at peace with oneself;

[ med det gode], se ovf;

[ de er lige gode om det] one is as much to blame as the other;

[ være god til at regne] be good at arithmetic;

[ holde sig for god til at gøre det] be above doing it;

[ for godt til at være sandt] too good to be true;

[ gøre sig til gode med] regale oneself with;

[ have noget til gode]

(fig) have something coming to one,

(dvs at glæde sig til) have something to look forward to;

[han har £10 til gode] there is £10 due to him; he has £10 owing to him, he has £10 to come;

[ han har 50 p til gode hos mig] I owe him 50 p;

[ han har en uges ferie til gode] he has a week's holiday due (el. to come);

[ holde ham hans ungdom til gode] make allowance for his youth;

[ det kom mig til gode at jeg havde] I benefited from having;

[ god ved], se ovf: god imod.

* * *

(et -) word ( fx the word "horse"; his word is law);

( talemåde) saying,

F saw ( fx the old saying (el. saw) that an Englishman's word is his bond);

[ ordet]

( taleret i forsamling) the floor ( fx have (, hold, get, take) the floor);

(se også ndf);

( bibelsk) the Word;

[ sulten? det er ikke ordet!] hungry isn't the word for it!

[ det er et ord] that is a bargain;

[ et ord er et ord] a bargain is a bargain; a promise is a promise;

[ med adj:]

[ godt ord igen] no offence meant;

[ for et godt ord] on the slightest provocation, on the least excuse,

( så det står efter) like anything;

(se også lægge (ind));

[ det kan ikke fås hverken for gode ord eller betaling] it is not to be had for love or money;

[ det er rene ord for pengene] that is plain speaking,

( ironisk) that is short and sweet;

[ for at sige det med rene ord] to put it bluntly;

[ jeg sagde ham med rene ord at] I told him in so many words that;

[ det var et sandt ord!] you never spoke a truer word!

[ der er ikke et sandt ord i det] there is not a word of truth in it;

[få (el. beholde) det sidste ord] have the last word;

[ det er et stort ord]

( at bruge) that is a big word;

[ føre det store ord]

(dvs være den dominerende) be cock of the walk,

( være den der snakker) do the talking;

(se også borgerlig, ond);

[ med vb:]

[ bede om ordet] ask permission to speak, catch the chairman's (, i

underhuset: the Speaker's) eye,

F request leave to speak;

[ bryde sit ord] break (el. go back on) one's word;

[ dirigenten fratog ham ordet] the chairman stopped him (el. ordered him to sit down);

[ føre ordet] act as spokesman,

( tale meget) do the talking;

[ få ordet] get (el. be given) the floor, be called on (to speak);

[ må jeg få ordet?] may I say a few words?

[ få ord for] get a reputation for;

[ give en ordet] give somebody the floor, call on somebody to speak (, om

taler også: to address the meeting);

[ jeg giver dig mit ord på det] I give you my word for it;

[ have ordet] have the floor ( fx allow me to finish, I have the floor);

[ Mr Jones har ordet]

(dvs opfordring til at tale) it is Mr Jones to speak; Mr Jones may speak;

(se også magt);

[ have et ord at skulle have sagt] have a say in the matter;

[ have ord for] have a name (el. reputation) for;

[ have hans ord for det] have his word for it;

[ holde sit ord] keep one's word (el. promise), be as good as one's word;

[ nægte en ordet] refuse somebody leave to speak;

[ tage ordet] begin to speak; rise; take the floor;

[ det ene ord tog det andet] one word led to another;

(se også tage (i sig));

[ han kan ikke tale et ord engelsk] he cannot speak a word of English;

[ før jeg vidste et ord af det] before I knew where I was; before I realized what was happening;

(se også belægge, savne);

[ med præp:]

[ han er ikke af mange ord] he is a man of few words;

[ ord for ord] word for word;

(se også ovf: have ord for);

[ med ét ord] in a word;

[ med andre ord] in other words;

[ med disse ord forlod han værelset] with these words (el. so saying) he left the room;

[ strid om ord] quibbling, hairsplitting;

[ tage ham på ordet] take him at his word,

T take him up on it;

[ du kan tro mig på mit ord] you may take my word for it;

(se også ovf: give);

[ ord til andet] word for word,

F verbatim;

[ jeg kunne næsten ikke komme til orde] I could hardly make myself heard;

[ tage til orde] begin to speak;

[ tage til orde for] advocate;

[ tage til orde imod] oppose, speak against.

* * *

* * *

I. vb (led, lidt)

( gennemgå, pines) suffer ( fx suffer pain; he suffered terribly);

[ lide meget] suffer greatly, be in great pain;

[ lide nederlag] be defeated,

F suffer a defeat;

[ lide straf] be punished,

F undergo punishment;

[ lide ondt], se ond: døje ondt;

(se også havari, II. nød, III. skade, skibbrud, tab, I. uret);

[ med præp:]

[ lide af] suffer from ( fx headaches; defects);

[ lide for] suffer for ( fx one's sins);

(se også stads);

[ lide under] suffer from ( fx the heat; the conference suffered from bad planning),

(fig også, F) be (injuriously) affected by;

[ hans arbejde (, helbred) led under det] his work (, health) suffered;

[ lide ved] suffer by; be affected by.

II. vb:

[ kunne lide] like;

[ det kan jeg lide] that's right; that's what I like;

[ja, det kunne du lide] you would like that, wouldn't you?

[ jeg kan bedre lide A end B] I prefer A to B, I like A better than B;

[ jeg kan godt lide] I like ( fx her; music; playing golf),

( stærkere) I am fond of ( fx her; music; playing golf);

[ jeg kan godt lide at du er ærlig] I am glad (el. I appreciate) that you are honest; I like the fact that you are honest;

[ jeg kan ikke lide] I do not like, I dislike,

( stærkere) I hate ( fx I hate to trouble you; I hate being late).

III. vb:

[ lide på] rely on, trust;

[ ikke til at lide på] unreliable.

* * *

(et -e) water;

[ det er det bare vand imod] it is nothing to;

[ blødt (, hårdt) vand] soft (, hard) water;

[ vand og brød] bread and water;

[ dagligt vande] mean sea level;

[ snavset vand] dirty water;

[ man skal ikke hælde det snavsede vand ud før man har det rene] don't throw out your dirty water until you get in fresh;

( se også de ord, hvormed vand forbindes, fx dansk, dråbe, holde, ild,

kold, II. lade, II. ren, rørt, II. stille, strand, sætte ( over),

træde, trække, vise);

[ med præp:]

[ hælde vandet fra kartoflerne, lade vandet løbe fra kartoflerne] drain the potatoes;

[ gå i vandet] go bathing, go swimming, go for a swim, bathe;

(fig) be taken in, fall into a trap,

T be led up the garden path;

[ løbe i vand], se tand, øje;

[ sætte blomster i vand] put flowers in water;

[ sætte en båd i vandet] launch a boat,

( fra et skib også) lower a boat;

[ vand i hovedet] water on the brain,

( fagligt) hydrocephalus;

[ vand i knæet] water (el. fluid) on the knee;

[ oven vande] above water, afloat;

[ holde sig oven vande]

(fig) keep one's head above water;

[ hun svævede over vandene] she made her presence felt in the background;

[ det er som at slå vand på en gås] it is like water off a duck's back;

[ på 10 meter vand] in 10 metres of water;

[ det er vand på hans mølle] that suits him (down to the ground), that is grist to his mill;

[ til vands] by water, by sea ( fx travel by sea);

[ ride hestene til vands] water the horses;

[ stå under vand] be under water, be flooded, be submerged;

[ sætte under vand] flood;

[ byen ligger ved vandet] the town is situated by the sea.

* * *

( neutrum: stift) (mods bøjelig el. blød) stiff,

( stærkere, F el. fagligt) rigid;

( stivet) starched;

(mods lind) stiff ( fx beat the cream till it is stiff), thick,

(om gélé etc) firm;

( om bevægelse) stiff,

( om optræden) stiff, formal;

(se også III. stift);

[ det er dog den stiveste!]

T I like that! that's the limit! that beats everything!

[ blive stiv] grow stiff, stiffen,

( om gélé) set,

T jell;

[ gøre stiv] make stiff, stiffen;

[ med sb:]

[ han tog det i stiv arm] he took it in his stride,

(dvs uden at kny) he did not bat an eyelid;

[ vi må tage det i stiv arm] we must stick it out;

[ i stift bind] in boards, hard-covered;

[ stiv flip] starched collar;

[ en stiv kuling] a stiff breeze;

[ et stift led] a stiff joint;

[ en stiv pris] a stiff price;

[ stift skæg] bristly beard;

[ et stift (dvs anstrengt) smil] a forced smile;

[ det er et stift stykke]

T that's a bit thick;

[ en stiv time] a solid hour;

[ en stiv whisky] a stiff whisky;

(se også pind, I. puds, I. øre);

[ med præp:]

[ stiv af skræk] paralysed with terror;

[ være stiv i]

(dvs være dygtig til) be well up in;

[ han er stiv i papirerne] he is well up in the subject.

* * *

adj:

[ ked af]

( træt af) tired of, bored with;

( bedrøvet over) sorry about,

( stærkere) sad about, unhappy about;

[ være meget ked af]

(dvs bedrøvet) ( også) feel bad about ( fx not being able to help him);

[ er du ked af at]

(dvs har du noget imod at) do you mind -ing;

[ ked af det] sad, unhappy;

[ han er ikke ked af det]

(dvs han er fræk) he's got a nerve!

(dvs han vil have mere end rimeligt er) he really wants jam on it;

[ jeg er ked af at du ikke kom] I am sorry that you did not come;

(se også IV. led).

déterminer [detεʀmine]

➭ TABLE 1 transitive verb

• déterminer qn à faire qch to determine sb to do sth

* * *

1) ( établir) to determine [raison, responsabilité]

2) ( fixer) to work out [mesures, modalités]

3) ( causer) to determine [attitude, choix]

4) ( décider)

* * *

1) (= fixer) [lieu, heure] to set

2) (= établir, trouver) [cause, nature] to determine, to ascertain

3) (= décider, pousser)

* * *

déterminer verb table: aimer

A vtr

1 ( établir) to determine [raison, responsabilité]; déterminer les causes de l'accident to determine what caused the accident;

2 ( fixer) to work out [mesures, modalités]; déterminer une politique to work out a policy;

3 ( causer) to determine [attitude, décision, choix]; to lead to [événement, phénomène];

4 ( pousser) déterminer qn à faire to cause sb to do; cela l'a déterminé à quitter l'armée it caused ou led him to leave the army;

5 Ling to determine.

B se déterminer vpr

1 ( être établi) to be determined;

2 ( être fixé) to be worked out;

3 ( choisir) [personne] to make a choice (entre between); ( se décider à) se déterminer à to make up one's mind to.

[detɛrmine] verbe transitif

1. [définir] to ascertain, to determine

2. [inciter] to incite, to encourage

3. [causer] to determine

4. LINGUISTIQUE & PHILOSOPHIE to determine

5. BIOLOGIE [sexe] to determine

[groupe sanguin] to type

————————

se déterminer verbe pronominal intransitif

se déterminer à to make up one's mind to

* * *

vb (satte, sat) put,

(mere F, mere omhyggeligt: anbringe) place,

(mindre alm) set ( fx the vase on the table);

( som indsats) stake, put;

( plante) plant;

( fastsætte) fix ( fx a price);

( antage, forudsætte) suppose;

( anslå) estimate;

( om strøm) set;

(typ) set up (fx a page),

F compose,

( uden objekt) set up type;

[ sætte aks] ear, put forth ears;

[ sæt at] suppose that,

T what if ( fx what if he isn't there?);

[forb med sb: se næste afsnit & blod, blomst, bo, hår, rekord, sejl,

tegn];

[ med præp & adv:]

[ sætte `af]

( til én, til brug) set apart, set aside,

( om penge også) earmark;

( amputere) take off ( fx they had to take his leg off),

F amputate;

( til løb, spring) take off,

( med båd) shove off;

[ sætte passagerer af] set down (, F: deposit) passengers;

[ han satte mig af ved mit hotel] he dropped me at my hotel;

[ sætte ham af holdet] drop him from the team, leave him out of the team;

[ sætte efter én] set off in pursuit of somebody;

[ sætte fast] fix, fasten, make fast,

( arrestere) arrest,

T run in;

[ sætte et måltid for én] set a meal before somebody;

(se også I. fælde, I. grænse);

[ sætte sikkerhedskæden for] put on the chain;

[ sætte skodderne for] put up the shutters;

[ sætte skodder for vinduerne] shutter the windows;

[ sætte fra sig] put down;

(se også bestilling, bord);

[ sætte frem] set out,

( til beskuelse også) display;

[ sætte hen], se ndf: sætte til side;

[ sætte højt], se højt;

[ sætte noget i avisen] put (, F insert) something in the newspaper;

[ sætte i fængsel], se fængsle;

(se også I. arbejde, II. gang, klasse, kraft, land, II. led, I. lære,

I. løb, I. pleje, II. skat, I. stand, vand, vej, verden);

[ sætte kløerne (, tænderne) i] sink one's claws (, teeth) into;

[ sætte penge i aktier] invest (money) in shares;

[ sætte sine penge i en bank] deposit one's money in a bank;

(se også liv);

[ sætte i at le] begin to laugh, burst out laughing;

[ sætte i med en sang] break into a song;

[ musikken satte i ( med en melodi)] the band (, orchestra) struck up (a tune);

[ sætte igennem] carry through, effect;

[ sætte sin vilje igennem] get one's way, carry one's point;

[ sætte ind]

( indføje) put in,

F insert;

( tage i brug, også mil.) bring into action ( fx the whole staff; the artillery, more troops), deploy;

( som indsats) stake ( fx one's life);

( uden objekt) ( koncentrere sine anstrengelser) concentrate one's efforts ( fx we must know where to concentrate our efforts);

( begynde) set in ( fx winter set in);

[ sætte flere tog ind] put on (el. run) more trains;

[ sætte en ind i noget] inform somebody about something, brief somebody about (el. on) something,

F acquaint somebody with something;

[ det satte ind med frost (, sne, regn)] it set in to freeze (, snow, rain);

[ sætte ( alle kræfter) ind på at gøre noget] concentrate (one's efforts) on doing something,

F direct all one's efforts (el. energies) to(wards) doing something, strain every nerve to do something;

[ vi må sætte noget ind på det] we must put some effort into it;

[ sætte penge ind på en konto] pay money into an account;

[ sætte ned]

( formindske) reduce, lower ( med by);

(se også nedsætte & fart);

[ sætte komma (, anførselstegn) om noget] put commas (, inverted commas) round something, put something inside (inverted) commas;

(se også parentes);

[ sætte op] put up ( fx a book on a shelf; an announcement on a notice board; a shelf), fit up ( fx a shelf, a lamp), fix ( fx a

television aerial),

( montere også) mount;

( rejse) put up ( fx a fence, a tent);

( hænge op også) hang ( fx curtains, wallpaper);

( teaterstykke) put on,

F mount,

(= iscenesætte) produce, stage;

(priser etc) put up; raise, increase ( med by, fx increase the price by 10%);

( skrivelse) draw up;

(se også I. drage, fart, hår, I. mine, næse);

[ sætte én op i gage] raise somebody's salary;

[ sætte dem op imod ham] set (el. turn) them against him;

[ sætte over]

( med et hop) jump, clear,

(mere F) leap;

( sejle over: selv) cross,

( færge ( andre) over) ferry across, carry across;

( foretrække for) put above, prefer to ( fx put England above France, prefer England to France);

[ sætte partiets interesser over landets] put party before country;

[ sætte kedlen over] put the kettle on;

[ sætte vand over]

(til kaffe etc) put the water on to boil;

[ sætte på]

( fastgøre) fix; fit on;

[ sætte fart på] hurry up, get a move on,

( i bil) put one's foot down;

[ sætte foden på dansk jord]

F put one's foot on Danish soil;

[ sætte ham på holdet] put him on the team;

[ sætte en plade på ( grammofonen)] put on a record;

(se også diæt, finger, gade, I. grund, ild, kort, land, mad, navn, plads,

pris, præg, rente, I. spids, spil);

[ sætte sammen] put together,

F assemble;

( udarbejde) draw up ( fx a list), make up ( fx a programme),

F compose ( fx a letter);

( et brækket lem) set ( fx set a broken leg);

[ sætte geværer sammen ( i pyramide)] pile arms;

[ sætte til]

( miste) lose ( fx money),

( bortødsle) waste;

( tilføje) add;

( til stikkontakt) plug in;

( anslå) put at, estimate at ( fx put her age at 30; put (el.

estimate) his income (, the cost, the loss) at £5,000),

( mere præcist, fx til skat) assess at ( fx assess his income (, the cost, the loss, the value) at £5,000);

[sætte et møde til kl. 3] fix a meeting for 3 o'clock;

[sætte prisen til £15] fix the price at £15;

[ sætte til side]

( sætte bort) put away; put aside, set aside;

( opspare) put by, put away, put aside, put on one side, lay by, set aside;

(se også tilsidesætte);

[ sætte en tændstik ` til] apply a match;

(se også håb, lid, musik, væg);

[ sætte ham til at] set him to;

[ sætte tilbage] put back,

(fig) handicap, retard;

[ sætte ud]

( om motor) misfire,

( gå i stå) cut out;

[ sætte en ud ( af lokalet)] put somebody out;

[ sætte en båd ud] put a boat out;

[ sætte en lejer ud] evict a tenant;

[ sætte vagter ud] post guards;

[ sætte ud af kraft (, kurs, spillet)], se kraft, kurs, spil;

[ sætte en udenfor] send somebody out of the room,

(fig) leave somebody out in the cold;

[ han følte sig sat udenfor] he felt left out,

T he felt out of things;

[ sætte under afstemning] put to the vote;

[ sætte sit navn under noget] sign something, put one's name to something;

(se også debat, vand);

[ sætte kryds (, vagt) ved], se kryds, vagt;

[ med sig:]

[ sætte sig]

( tage plads) sit down,

(mere F) take a seat, seat oneself,

( om fugl) perch;

( bundfælde sig; synke) settle;

( fortage sig) die down,

F subside;

[ sætte sig et mål] set oneself a goal;

[ sætte sig fast] become fixed, stick,

( i klemme) jam ( fx the brakes jammed),

(om hær etc) establish oneself firmly;

[ sætte sig ` for at] decide to, undertake to;

[ han har sat sig for en stor husleje]

( om husejer) he has taken on a large mortgage; he has committed himself to a large mortgage;

[ sætte sig i gæld] run (el. get) into debt;

[ sætte sig i ens sted] put oneself in somebody's place;

(se også hoved, respekt, stol);

[ sætte sig imod] oppose,

( stærkere) set one's face against;

(se også ndf: sætte sig op imod);

[ sætte sig ind]

(dvs i bilen) get in;

[ sætte sig ind i] study,

F make oneself acquainted with,

T get up,

( forestille sig) imagine, enter into;

[ sætte sig ned] sit down;

[ sætte sig op imod] resist,

( stærkere) stand out against,

( trodse) defy,

F challenge ( fx his authority),

( gøre oprør mod) rise (el. revolt) against;

[ sætte sig op på] get on,

F mount ( fx one's bicycle);

[ sætte sig på] collar ( fx they collared the entire market),

F appropriate, monopolize;

( kue) sit on;

(se også bagben);

[ sætte sig til at læse] set about reading, begin to read;

[ sætte sig til klaveret (, rattet)] sit down at the piano (, behind the wheel);

(se også modværge, II. ret);

[ sætte sig ud over] ignore,

F disregard.

* * *

(tek; tók, tókum; tekinn), v.

1) to take, catch, seize (tóku þeir laxinn ok otrinn ok báru með sér);

G. tók inni vinstri hendi spjótit á lopti, G. caught the spear with his left hand;

man hón taka fé okkart allt með ráni, she will take all our goods by force;

taka e-n höndum, to seize one, take captive;

tökum vápn vár, let us take to our weapons;

2) fig., taka trú, to take the faith, become a Christian;

taka skírn, to be baptized;

taka hvíld, to take a rest;

taka flótta, to take to flight;

taka rœðu, umrœðu, to begin a parley;

taka ráð, to take a counsel (= taka til ráðs);

taka e-n orðum, to address one;

taka sættir or sættum, to accept terms;

taka þenna kost, to take this choice;

taka stefnu, to fix a meeting;

taka boði, to accept an offer;

taka sótt, to be taken ill;

taka úgleði, to get out of spirits;

taka andviðri, to meet with contrary winds;

taka konung, to take, elect a king;

taka konu, to take a wife;

taka úkunna stigu, to take to unknown ways;

taka e-n or e-m vel, to receive one well;

taka e-t þvert, to take a thing crossly, deny flatly;

taka upp höndum, to raise the hands;

3) to reach, stretch forth, touch;

fremri hyrnan tók viðbeinit, the upper horn caught the collar bone;

því at ek tek eigi heim í kveld, for I shall not reach home to-night;

hárit tók ofan á belti, the hair came down to her waist;

4) to reach and take harbour (þeir tóku land á Melrakka-sléttu);

5) to take, hold, of a vessel (ketill, er tók tvær tunnur);

6) to be equivalent to, be worth (hringrinn tók tólf hundruð mórend);

7) with infin., to begin (hann tók at yrkja, þegar er hann var ungr);

nú taka öll húsin at lóga, now the whole house began to blaze;

impers., þá tók at lægja veðrit, then the wind began to fall;

8) to touch, regard, concern (þat allt, sem leikmenn tekr);

9) to catch (up), come up with (hann var allra manna fóthvatastr, svá at engi hestr tók hann á rás);

10) to start, rush (Eirikr tók út or stofunni, en konungr bað menn hlaupa eptir honum);

taka á rás, taka frá, to take to running, run away (svá illt sem nú er frá at taka, þá mun þó síðarr verra);

11) impers. it is taken;

þá tók af veðrit (acc.) then the storm abated;

kom á fótinn, svá at af tók, the stroke came on his leg, so that it was cut off;

sýnina tekr frá e-m, one becomes blind;

tók út skip Þangbrands, Th.’s ship drifted out;

um várit er sumarhita tók, when the summer heat set in;

12) with preps, and advs., taka e-n af lífi, lífdögum, taka e-n af, to take one’s life, put to death;

taka e-n af nafni ok veldi, to deprive one of his title and power;

taka af hesti, to take (the saddle) off a horse;

taka e-t af e-m, to take a thing from one, deprive one of (er vér tókum seglit af honum, þá grét hann);

taka af sér ópit, to cease weeping;

taka e-t af e-m, to get frotn one (tekr hann af öllu fólki mikil lof);

taka mikinn (mikil), lítinn (lítil) af e-u, to make (say) much, little of;

hón tók lítil af öllu, she said little about it, took it coldly;

øngan tek ek af um liðveizlu við þik, I will not pledge myself as to helping thee;

taka e-t af, to choose, take;

G. bauð þér góð boð, en þú vildir engi af taka, G. made thee good offers, but thou wouldst take none of them;

fara sem fœtr mega af taka, at the top of one’s speed;

hann sigldi suðr sem af tók, as fast as possible;

to abolish, do away with (lagði á þat allan hug al taka af heiðni ok fornar venjur);

taka e-t aptr, to take back, render void (taka aptr þat, er ek gef); to recall (taka aptr orð, heil sín);

taka á e-u, to touch (hón tók á augum hans);

taka vel, auðvelliga, lítt, illa á e-u, to take (a thing) well, in good part, ill, in ill part (fluttu þeir þetta fyrir jarli, en hann tók vel á);

taka e-t á sik, to take upon oneself (kvaðst heldr vilja taka þat á sik at gefa honum annát augat);

tóku þeir á sik svefn mikinn, they fell fast asleep;

taka arf eptir e-n, to inherit one;

taka e-t eptir, to get in return;

með því at þú gerir svá, sem ek býð þér, skaltu nökkut eptir taka, thou shalt have some reward;

taka e-t frá e-m, to take a thing away from one (þeir tóku spjótin frá þeim ok báru út á ána);

taka e-n frá e-u, to deprive one of (taka e-n frá landi, ríki);

taka e-t fyrir e-t, to take in return for (hann keypti sveinana ok tók fyrir þá vesl gott ok slagning); to take for, look upon as (lökum vér þat allt fyrir satt; því tek ek þat fyrir gaman);

taka fyrir e-t, to refuse (tók E. eigi fyrir útanferð at sumri);

taka hendi í e-t, to thrust one’s hand into;

taka í hönd e-m, to shake hands with one;

taka í móti, to offer resistance (þeir brendu víða bygðina, en bœndr tóku ekki í móti);

taka niðr, to pull down, demolish (taka niðr til grundvallar allt þat verk); to graze a little, = taka til jarðar (þeir láta nú taka niðr hesta sína);

taka niðri, to touch (feel) the bottom;

taka ofan, to take down (Högni tekr ofan atgeirinn); to pull down (hann hafði látil taka ofan skála sinn);

taka í sundr, to cut asunder;

impers., slœmdi sverðinu til hans, svá at í sundr tók manninn, so that the man was cleft asunder;

taka til e-s, to take to (tóku þá margir til at níða hann);

taka til máls (orðs, orða), to begin to speak;

nú er þar til máls at taka, at, now we must take up the story at this point, that;

taka til varnar, to begin the defence;

taka til e-s, to have recourse to, resort to (taka e-t til ráðs, bragðs); to concern (þetta mál, er til konungs tók);

láta e-t til sín taka, to let it concern oneself, meddle with (Gísli lét fátt til sín taka);

taka e-n til e-s, to choose, elect (Ólafr var til konungs tekinn um allt land);

absol., taka til, to begin (hann hélt allt austr um Svínasund, þá tók til vald Svíakonungs);

taka e-t til, to take to, do;

ef hann tekr nökkut illt til, if he takes to any ill;

taka um e-t, to take hold of, grasp (nú skaltu taka um fót honum);

taka e-t undan, to take away;

impers., undan kúnni tók nyt alla, the cow ceased to give milk;

taka undan, to run away, escape (B. tók undan með rás);

taka undir e-t, to take hold under a thing;

hann tók undir kverkina ok kyssti hana, he took her by the chin and kissed her;

to undertake, take upon oneself;

H. kvaðst ekki taka mundu undir vandræði þeira, H. said he would have nothing to do with their troubles;

taka undir e-t með e-m, to back, help one in a thing (vil ek, at þér takit undir þetta mál með mér);

þau tóku undir þetta léttiliga, they seconded it readily;

hann tók seinliga undir, he was slow to answer;

taka undir, to echo, resound (fjöllin tóku undir);

taka e-t undir sik, to take on hand (Gizurr tók undir sik málit); to lay hold of (hann tekr undir sik eignir þær, er K. átti í Noregi);

taka e-t upp, to pick up (S. tók upp hanzka sinn);

taka upp fé fyrir e-m, to seize on, confiscate;

taka upp borð, to set up the tables before a meal, but also to remove them after a meal;

taka upp bygð sína, to remove one’s abode;

hón tekr mart þat upp, er fjarri er mínum vilja, she takes much in hand that is far from my will;

drykk ok vistir, svá sem skipit tók upp, as the ship could take;

taka upp ný goðorð, to establish new priesthoods;

taka upp verknað, to take up work;

taka upp stœrð, to take to pride;

taka upp sök, to take up a case;

taka upp draum, to interpret a dream;

taka e-t upp, to choose (seg nú skjótt, hvern kost þú vill upp taka);

absol., taka upp, to extend, rise (rekkjustokkr tekr upp á millum rúma okkarra);

taka út, to run out (E. tók út ór stofunni);

taka við e-u, to receive (A. hafði tekit við föðurarf sínum);

taka vel við e-m, to receive one well, give one a hearty welcome;

taka við trú, to take the faith;

þeir tóku vel við, they made a bold resistance;

tók við hvárr af öðrum, one took up where the other left off;

taka yfir e-t, to extend over (hann skal eignast af Englandi þat, sem uxahúð tekr yfir);

impers. to come to an end, succeed (kveðst nú vænta, at nú mundi yfir taka);

þeir munu allt til vinna at yfir taki við oss, to get the better of us;

13) refl., takast;

1) taking, capture, of a fortress, prisoner;

2) taking, seizing, of property;

3) revenue, = tekja( með öllum tökum ok skyldum).

* * *

pres. tek, tekr; tökum, takit, taka; pret. tók, tókt (tókst), tók, pl. tóku; subj. tæki (tœki); imperat. tak, taktú; part. tekinn: with neg. suff. tek’k-at ek, I take not, Kristni S. (in a verse); tak-a-ttu, take thou not, Fas. i. (in a verse); tekr-at, Grág. (Kb.) i. 9: [Ulf. têkan, pret. taitok = απτεσθαι; Swed. take; Dan. tage, sounded tā, ‘du tar det ikke, vil du ta det;’ Engl. take is a word borrowed from the Dan., which gradually displaced the Old Engl. niman.]

A. To take hold of, seize, grasp; taka sér alvæpni, Eg. 236; tóku menn sér þar byrðar ok báru út, Egill tók undir hönd sér mjöð-drekku, 237; nú taki hest minn, ok skal ek ríða eptir honum, 699; tóku þeir skíð sín ok stigu á, 545; hann tók inni vinstri hendi spjótið ok skaut, Nj. 42; lauk upp kistu ok tók upp góð kvennmanna-klæði, Ld. 30; hann tekr nú bogann, … tekr nú kaðal einn, Fas. ii. 543; taka upp net, K. Þ. K. 90; hross skal maðr taka ok teyma ok hepta, þótt heilagt sé, id.

2. to seize; þeir tóku þar herfang mikit, Nj. 43; tóku skipit ok allt þat er á var, Fms. vii. 249; þeir tóku þar skútu, viii. 438; tóku skip hans, landtjald, klæði, ix. 275; taka fé okkat allt með ráni, Nj. 5; engi maðr skal fyrir öðrum taka, Gþl. 473; hann leiddi þik til arfs … munu taka óvinir þínir ef þú kemr eigi til, Nj. 4; þeir tóku bæinn, seized, Sturl. ii. 149; kona hafði tekit ( stolen) … ok vildi hann refsa henni, Fms. vii. 330.

3. to catch; Skotar munu hafa tekit njósnir allar, Nj. 126; standi menn upp ok taki hann, 130; hann skyldi taka hundinn, 114; þeir tóku á sundi mann einn, Fms. vii. 225; gröf, at taka í dýr, Flóv. 33; taka höndum, to lay hold of, take captive, Nj. 114, 275; in a good sense, Fms. x. 314.

4. taka e-n af lífi, to take one from life, Fms. x. 3, Eg. 70; taka e-n af lífdögum, id., Fms. vii. 204: ellipt., taka af (af-taka), to take one off, put to death, Js. 23; taka e-n af nafni ok veldi, to deprive of …, Eg. 268; tóku þeir af eignum jarla konungs, Fms. i. 6: taka af e-m, to take a thing from one, x. 421, Nj. 103, 131, Eg. 120, Ld. 288; taka frá e-m, to take from, off, Nj. 253, K. Þ. K. 48; taka ofan, to take down, pull down, Nj. 119, 168; taka ór, to set apart, 232; taka undir sik, to take under oneself, subject, Fms. x. 24: to take charge of, Nj. 110, Eg. 725: taka upp, to take up, pick up, assume, 23.

5. to take, grasp; taka í hönd e-m, to shake hands, Nj. 129; taka á lopti, to interrupt, Fms. x. 314; taka í ketil, of the ordeal, Grág. i. 381, Gkv. 3. 7; taka í jörð, to graze, of an animal, Bs. i. 338; jó lætr til jarðar taka, Skm. 15; skulu þér láta taka niðr hesta yðra, to graze a little, Band. 14 new Ed.; tók einn þeirra niðr í sinn klæðsekk, Stj.

II. metaph., taka upphaf, to begin, Hom. 49; taka vöxt ok þroska, to increase, Rb. 392; taka konungdóm, Eg. 646; taka ráð, 49; taka skírn, 770; taka trú, to take the faith, become a Christian, Nj. 273; taka hvíld, to take rest, 43, 115; taka á sik svefn, 252; taka ræðu, to begin a parley, Eg. 578; taka umræðu, id., Nj. 146; þau taka þá tal, Ld. 72, Fms. ii. 254; taka nærri sér, see nær l. 2; taka á sik göngu, Fbr. 101 new Ed.; taka á sik svefn, Nj.; taka eld, to light a fire, 199; taka e-n orðum, to address; taka í sætt, to receive into reconciliation, Eg. 168; taka sættir, to accept terms, id. (also taka sættum, id.); taka þenna kost, 280; taka samheldi, Fms. ix. 344; ok tóku þat fastliga, at friðr skyldi standa, declared firmly that, x. 40, v. l.; taka stefnu, to fix a meeting, xi. 400; tóku þeir stefnu í milli sín, 402; nú er svá tekið um allt landit, at …, fixed by law that …, Gþl. 275; þeir tóku fastmælum sín í milli, at …, Bret. 82; taki í lög, to take into fellowship, Fms. xi. 96; lög-taka, cp. lófa-tak, vápna-tak; Gunnarr bauð þér góð boð enn þú vildir engi af taka, thou wouldst accept none of them, Nj. 77; tók hann þann kost af, at leggja allt á konungs vald, Fms. iv. 224; ok þat tóku þeir af, ix. 367; Ólafr kvaðsk þat mundu af taka, Ld. 72; taka e-t til ráðs, or taka ráðs, bragðs, to resort to, Nj. 75, 124, 199: also, taka e-t til, to resort to, 26, Fms. xi, 253, passim (til-tæki); taka mót, to receive, Edda 15; taka e-t við, to receive in return, Fms. ii. 269; taka bætr fyrir e-t, xi. 253; með því þú görir sem ek býð þér, skaltú nökkuð eptir taka, take some reward for it, Ld. 44; þat er bæði at vér róum hart, enda mun nú mikit eptir taka, a great reward, Finnb. 232 (eptir-tekja); taka fæðu, to take food; taka corpus Domini, Mar.; taka samsæti, Fms. ii. 261; taka arf, Eg. 34; taka erfð, Gþl. 241; taka fé eptir föður sinn, Fms. xi. 47; taka laun, Nj. 68; taka veizlu, to take, receive a veizla (q. v.), Fms. xi. 239; konungr … hann tekr ( receives) af mörgum, skal hann því mikit gefa, 217; taka mikit lof, x. 367; taka helgun af Guði, Rb. 392; taka heilsu, to recover, Stj. 624; ek skal taka hæði-yrði af þér, Nj. 27; taka af honum rán ok manntjón, Ld. 64; taka úskil af íllum mönnum, Greg. 44; taka píslir ok dauða, 656 B. 30; drap hann þar menn nökkura, þótti mönnum hart at taka þat af útlendum manni, Bs. i. 19; þeir tóku mikinn andróða, Fms. viii. 438; taka andviðri, Eg. 87; þeir tóku norðan-veðr hörð, were overtaken by, Nj. 124; taka sótt, to be taken sick or ill (North E. to take ill), 29, Fms. xi. 97, Eg. 767; taka þyngd. id., Ísl. ii. 274; taka fótar-mein, Nj. 219; taka úgleði, to get out of spirits, Eg. 322; hann tók þá fáleika ok úgleði, Fms. vii. 103; hann tók langt kaf, 202; taka arftaki, to adopt, Grág. i. 232; taka konung, to take, elect a king, Fms. ix. 256; taka konu, to take a wife, x. 397; hann kvángaðisk ok tók bróður-dóttur þess manns er Finnr hét, 406; tók Magnús konungr Margrétu, 413; taka konu brott nauðga, to carry off a woman, Grág. i. 353; tók hann þá til háseta, he hired them, Eg. 404; taka far or fari, Landn. 307, Grág. ii. 406 (far, ii. 3); taka úkunna stigu, to take to unknown ways, Fms. viii. 30; taka ferð, to start, Stj.; taka til konungs, or the like, Eg. 367, 400, Fms. vii. 252; taka til siðar, Sks. 313; taka e-n vel, to receive well; ok taki ér, herra, vel þá Hjalta ok Gizur, Bs. i. 19; tók Skota-konungr hann vel, Fms. xi. 419; taka e-t þvert, to take a thing crossly, deny flatly, Nj. 26; taka fyrir e-t, to stop, interrupt, refuse, Fms. x. 251.

III. to reach, stretch forth, touch; hann beit skarð, allt þat er tennr tóku, Eg. 605; eigi djúpara enn þeim tók undir hendr, Ld. 78; skurðrinn tók á framan-verðan bakkann, Krók.; hyrnan tók andlitið, Nj. 253; rödd tekr eyru, Skálda 175; döggskórinn tók niðr akrinn upp-standanda, Fas. i. 173; hafði flóð tekit þær, swept them away, Fms. xi. 393; spjót langskept svá at vel taki skipa meðal, Sks. 385; nef hans tók austr til landsenda … véli-fjarðar tóku norðr í Finnabú, Fms. viii. 10; tekr mörkin náliga allt it efra suðr, Eg. 58; þvíat ekki tek ek heim í kveld, Nj. 275; mun ek taka þangat í dag? Hbl.; bóndans bót tekr fyrir ( encompasses) konu, hans ok börn ok hjón, N. G. L. i. 341; taka niðri, to take the ground, of a ship or thing floating, Fas. iii. 257; svá at upp tekr um klaufir, Boll. 336; at eigi tæki hann (acc.) regnit, Stj. 594; skulu vér varask, at eigi taki oss þau dæmi, Hom. 70; svá mikit er uxa-húð tekr yfir, Fas. i. 288; nær því er þú sér at taka mun en ekki ór hófi, Sks. 21; hundr bundinn svá at taki eigi til manna, Grág. ii. 119; taka höndum upp, to lift up hands, Bs. i. 735, Edda 22; ek sé fram undir brekkuna, at upp taka spjóts-oddar fimtán, Finnb. 286; þetta smíði (Babel) tók upp ór veðrum, Edda 146 (pref.); hárit tók ofan á belti, Nj. 2; stöpul er til himins tæki, 645. 71; hér til tekr en fyrsta bók, reaches here, 655 vii. 4; taka mátti hendi til fals, Eg. 285; þeir tóku fram árum, took the oars, Fms. vii. 288; smeygði á sik ok tók út höndunum, 202; þeir tóku undun, to escape, viii. 438: to reach, land, take harbour, gaf honum vel byri ok tóku Borgarfjörð, Nj. 10; tóku þeir Friðar-ey, 268; þeir tóku land á Melrakka-sléttu, Ísl. ii. 246; byrjaði vel ok tóku Noreg, Ld. 72, 310; tóku þar land sem heitir Vatnsfjörðr, Landn. 30: ellipt., hann tók þar sem nú heitir Herjólfs-höfn, id.; þeir tóku fyrir sunnan land, 175.

2. to take, hold, of a vessel; ketill or tók tvær tunnur, Fb. i. 524; lands þess er tæki ( of the value of) fjóra tigi hundraða, Sturl. i. 98, v. l.; hringrinn tók tólf hundruð mórend, Nj. 225: so in the phrase, það tekr því ekki, it is not worth the while; þann enn eina grip er hann átti svá at fé tæki, the sole object of value he had, Bs. i. 636.

3. spec. usages; fara sem fætr mega af taka, Finnb. 288; konur æpa sem þær megu mest af taka, Al. 47, (aftak, aftaka-veðr, q. v.), Karl. 109, 196; fóru hvárir-tveggju sem af tók, went as fast as possible, Fms, iv. 304; hann sigldi suðr sem af tók, Eg. 93: in the phrase, taka mikinn, lítinn … af e-u, to make much, little of, take it to heart or lightly; mikit tekr þú af þessu, thou takest it much to heart, Lv. 10; öngan tek ek af um liðveizlu við þik, I will not pledge myself as to helping thee, Ld. 105; eigi töku vér mikit af at tortryggva þá bók, þótt mart sé undarligt í sagt, we will not strongly question the truth of the book, although many wonders are told therein, Sks. 78; Óspakr kvað hana mikit af taka, said he used very strong language, Ld. 216; mikinn tekr þú af, segir konungr, thou settest much by it, said the king, Fms. vi. 206: munda ek sýnu minna hafa af tekit ef ek væra údrukkinn, I would have kept a better tongue, xi. 112; Þórvarðr tók eigi af fyrir útanferð sína, did not quite refuse the going abroad, Sturl. iii. 244; hann kvaðsk eigi taka mega af því hvat mælt væri, he did not much mind what folks said, Nj. 210; hón tók lítið af öllu, said little about it, took it coolly, Eg. 322; tók hann minna af enn áðr við Íslendinga, he spoke not so strongly of them as he used to do, Glúm. 328; ok er sendi-menn kómu tók hann lítið af, Fms. x. 101; Flosi svaraði öllu vel, en tók þó lítið af, F. gave a civil but reserved answer, Nj. 180.

IV. with prepp.; taka af hesti, to take (the saddle) off a horse, Nj. 4, 179; taka af sér ópit, to cease weeping, Ölk. 35; taka skriðinn af skipinu, Fms. ii. 305; taka e-t af, to abolish, vii. 1, x. 152, Ísl. ii. 258:—taka á e-u, to touch (á-tak), Nj. 118; þegar sem nær þeim er komit ok á þeim tekit, Stj. 76; sá er tekr fyrst á funa, Gm.; þat er ok, áðr þeir taki á dómum sinum ( ere they deliver sentence), at þeir skolu eið vinna áðr, Grág. i. 64; taka vel, auðvelliga, lítt, ekki vel, ílla … á e-u, to take a thing so and so, take it well, in good part, ill, in ill part, etc., Ld. 50, 248, Fms. xi. 124, Nj. 206, 265; Gunnarr talaði fátt um ok tók á öngu úlíkliga, 40; tak glaðan á ( cheerfully) við konunginn, Fms. xi. 112; þeir höfðu sagt hversu hann hafði á tekit þeim feðgum, Rd. 284; Leifr tekr á þessu eigi mjök, Fb. ii. 397; tók Börkr (á) því seinliga, Eb. 15 new Ed.:—taka eptir, to notice, observe, Sturl. i. 2 (eptir-tekt):—taka móti, to withstand, resist, Nj. 261, Fms. ix. 307, 513 (mót-tak):—taka með, to reserve, accept, iv. 340, xi. 427 (með-taka): taka við, hann tókþar ok við mörg önnur dæmi, bæði konunga æfi, he tacked to it many records, the lives of kings, etc., Ó. H. (pref.): this isolated phrase has led editors (but wrongly) to substitute hann ‘jók’ þar við:—taka aptr, to take back, render void, undo, Bs. i. 631, Nj. 191, Sks. 775; eigi má aptr taka unnit verk, a saying, Fms. ii. 11: to recall, unsay, mun ek þau orð eigi aptr taka, Ld. 42, Fms. ii. 253:—taka í, to pull off; taktu í hann, to pull his stocking off:—taka um, to take hold of, grasp, Eg. 410, Hkr. ii. 322:—taka upp, to pick up, assume; niðr at fella ok upp at taka, 625. 68, Eg. 23; taka upp borð, to put up the tables before a meal; tekr upp borð ok setr fyrir þá Butralda, Fbr. 37; vóru borð upp tekin um alla stofuna ok sett á vist, Eg. 551: but also to remove them after a meal (= taka borð ofan), 408, Hkr. ii. 192, Fms. i. 41, Orkn. 246 (see borð II); taka upp vist, to put food on the table, Vm. 168; taka upp bygð sína, to remove one’s abode, passim; taka upp, of a body, to take up, disinter, Hkr. ii. 388; taka upp, to seize on, confiscate, Nj. 73, 207, Ld. 38, Eg. 73; þeir tóku upp ( laid waste) þorp þat er heitir Tuma-þorp, Fms. i. 151; var þá tekin upp bygð Hrolleifs, Fs. 34; hón tekr þat mart upp er fjarri er mínum vilja, Nj. 6l; at þú gefir ró reiði ok takir þat upp er minnst vandræði standi af, 175; taka upp verknað, to take up work, Ld. 34; taka upp stærð, to take to pride, Fms. x. 108; halda upp-teknu efni, i. 263; taka upp sök, mál, to take up a case, Nj. 31, 71, 231: to interpret, eigi kann ek öðruvís at ráða þenna draum … glíkliga er upp tekit, Sturl. iii. 216; ok skal svá upp taka ‘síks glóð,’ þat er ‘gull,’ Edda 127; kvæði, ef þau eru rétt kveðin ok skynsamliga upp tekin, Hkr. (pref.); tók hann svá upp, at honum væri eigi úhætt, Fms. ix. 424; drykk ok vistir svá sem skipit tók upp, as the ship could take, iv. 92; er þat skip mikit, ok mun þat taka oss upp alla, Nj. 259; þat hjóna er meira lagði til félags skal meira upp taka, Gþl. 220; þótti þeim í hönd falla at taka upp land þetta hjá sér sjálfum, Ld. 210; skal sá sem at Kálfafelli býr taka upp vatn at sínum hlut, Vm. 168; taka upp giptu hjá Dana-konungi, Fms. xi. 426; taka upp goðorð, Nj. 151, 168, Grág. i. 24; taka upp þing. Ann. 1304 ( to restore); tókusk þá upp lög ok landsréttr, Fs. 27; taka upp vanda, Fms. vii. 280:—taka til, to take to; hefna svá at ekki fýsi annan slík firn til at taka, 655 xiii. A. 3; tóku margir þá til at níða hann, Bs. i; taka til ráða, ráðs, bragðs, Nj. 19, 75, 124; hann tók til ráða skjótt, 19; enn þó munu vér þat bragðs taka, 199; hvat skal nú til ráða taka, 124; ef hann tekr nökkut íllt til, 26; hverja úhæfu er hann tekr til, Fms. xi. 253; taka til máls, to take to talking, Nj. 16, 71; taka til orðs, or orða, 122, 230, 264; hann tók nú til at segja söguna, to take to telling a story; taka til varnar, to begin the defence, Grág. i. 60, Nj. 271; nú er þar til at taka, at …, 74; er blót tóku til, Landn. 111; þá tók til ríki Svía-konungs, Fms. iv. 118; um Slésvík þar sem Dana-ríki tók til, xi. 417: to concern, þat mun taka til yðar, Hom. 150; þetta mál er til konungs tók, Fms. xi. 105; láta til sín taka, to let it concern oneself, meddle with, Band. 23 new Ed.; Gísl lét fátt til sín taka, Fms. vii. 30; vil ek nú biðja þik at þú létir ekki til þín taka um tal várt, Nj. 184: to have recourse to, þú tekr eigi til þeirra liðsinnis ef ekki þarf, Fms. vii. 17, Grág. i. 41; taka til segls, Eg. 573, Fms. ix. 22; taka til sunds, 24; taka til e-s, to note, mark, with dislike:—taka undir, to take under a thing; hann tók undir kverkina, took her by the chin, Nj. 2; þá tók Egill undir höfða-hlut Skalla-grími, Eg. 398: to undertake, þat mál er þeir skyldi sjálfir undir taka, Hkr. i. 266; þá skal hann taka undir þá sömu þjónostu, Ó. H. 120: to back, second, hann kvaðsk ekki mundu taka undir vandræði þeirra, Nj. 182; undir þann kviðling tók Rúnolfr goði, ok sótti Hjalta um goðgá, Bs. i. 17: ek mun taka undir með þér ok styðja málit, Fms. xi. 53; hann tók ekki undir þat ráð, Fb. ii. 511; þau tóku undir þetta léttliga, seconded it readily, Ld. 150; hann tók seinliga undir, Nj. 217; hann hafði heyrt tal þeirra ok tók undir þegar, ok kvað ekki saka, Ld. 192: göra tilraun hversu þér tækit undir þetta, Fb. i. 129: to echo, blésu herblástr svá at fjöllin tóku undir, Fas. i. 505; taka undir söng, to accompany singing:—taka við, to receive; nú tóktú svá við sverði þessu, Fms. i. 15; siðan hljópu menn hans, enn hann túk við þeim, 105; jörð tekr við öldri, Hm.; til þess er akkerit tók við, grappled, took hold, Dan. holde igen, Fms. x. 135. v. l.; þar til er sjár tók við honum, Edda 153 (pref.); taka við ríki, Eg. 241, Fms. i. 7; taka við trú, Nj. 158, 159; taka við handsölum á e-u, 257; ef maðr görr við at taka við dæmdum úmaga, Grág. i. 258; taka vel við e-m, to receive well, Nj. 5; ekki torleiði tekr við yðr, no obstacle stops you, Al. 120; þeir tóku við vel ok vörðusk, made a bold resistance, Fms. i. 104; eggjuðu sumir at við skyldi taka, vii. 283; at þeir skyldi verja landit, en þeir vildu eigi við taka, xi. 386; ganga fram á mel nökkurn, ok segir Hrútr at þeir mundu þar við taka, Ld. 62; þar stóð steinn einn mikill, þar bað Kjartan þá við taka, 220; seg þú æfi-sögu þína, Ásmundr, en þá skal Egill við taka, tell thy life’s tale, Asmund, and then shall Egil take his turn, Fas. iii. 374; tók við hvárr af öðrum, one took up where the other left off:—taka yfir, hann vildi eigi til ráða nema hann ætlaði at yfir tæki, Fms. iv. 174; þeir munu allt til vinna, at yfir taki með oss, Nj. 198; at eyrendi þeirra skyldi eigi lyktuð né yfir tekin, Fms. iv. 224.

V. to take to, begin:

1. with infin., tóku menn at binda sár sín, Eg. 93; hann tók at yrkja þegar er hann var ungr, 685; hans afli tók at vaxa, Fms. viii. 47; á þeim veg er ek tæka ganga, Sks. 3; taka at birtask, 568; tekr at dimma, birta … rigna, it gets dim, takes to darken … rain; allt þat er hann tekr at henda, Nj. 5; þá tók at lægja veðrit, 124; tók þá at morna, 131; tók þá at nátta, Fms. ix. 54; kvölda tekr = Lat. vesperascit, Luke xxiv. 29.

2. in other phrases, taka á rás, to take to running, to run, Nj. 253, Eg. 216, 220, Eb. 62 (hófu á rás, 67 new Ed.), Hrafn. 7: ellipt., tók bogmaðr ok hans menn á land upp undan, they took to the inland and escaped, Fms. ix. 275; tók hann þegar upp um brú, viii. 169; svá íllt sem nú er frá at taka (to escape, shun), þá mun þó síðarr verr, Fs. 55; taka flótta, to take to flight, Hm. 30; Eirekr tók út ór stofunni, took out of the room, ran out, Sturl. ii. 64; þeir tóku út eitt veðr allir, stood out to sea with the same wind, Fb. ii. 243.

VI. with dat., to take to, receive (perh. ellipt. for taka við- e-u); jarl tók vel sendi-mönnum ok vináttu-málum konungs, Fms. i. 53; konungr tók honum vel ok blíðliga, vii. 197; tekit mundu vér hafa kveðju þinni þóttú hefðir oss fyrri fagnat, Ld. 34; Grímr tók því seinliga, Eg. 764; Sigurðr tók því máli vel, 38, Fms. x. 2; konungr tók þá vel orðum Þórólfs, Eg. 44; hann tók því þakksamliga, Fms. i. 21; taka vel þeirra eyrendum, x. 33; Barði tók þessu vel, Ld. 236; Hákon tók því seinliga, Fms. i. 74; eigi mun konungr taka því þótt slík lygi sé upp borin fyrir hann, Eg. 59; tók Brynjólfr þá sættum fyrir Björn, 168; Njáll átti hlut at, at þeir skyldi taka sættum, Nj. 120; taka handsölum á fé, 257; taka heimildum á e-u, Fms. x. 45; taka fari, Grág. ii. 399, Nj. 111, 258 (see far); taka bóli, to take a farm (on lease), Gþl. 328, 354; mun ek máli taka fyrir alla Íslenzka menn þá er á skipi eru, speak for them, Bs. i. 421.

VII. impers. it is taken; hann brá upp hendinni ok tók hana af honum ok höfuðit af konunginum, Nj. 275; ok tók af nasarnar, Fms. x. 135, v. l.; þá tók af veðrit (acc.), the weather ‘took up’ (as is said in North of England), the storm abated. Fas. i. 157; svá at þar tæki af vega alla, all roads were stopped, Fms, iii. 122; af þeim tók málit ok görask úfærir, Fas. ii. 549; kom á höndina fyrir ofan úlflið svá at af tók, Nj. 84; kom á fótinn svá at af tók, 123; þá tók efa af mörgum manni, Fms. iii. 8; sýnina tekr frá e-m, to become blind, x. 339; undan kúnni tók nyt alla, Eb. 316; jafnskjótt tók ór verkinn allan, Fms. iv. 369; tók út skip Þangbrands ór Hitará, she drifted out, Bs. i. 15; í þat mund dags er út tók eykðina, when the time of ‘eykð’ was nearly passed, Fms. xi. 136; um várit er sumar-hita tók, when the summer heat set in, Fs. 67; réru svá skjótt at ekki tók (viz. þá) á vatni, Fms. vii. 344.

2. as a naut. term, to clear, weather a point; veðr var litið ok tók þeim skamt frá landi, the weather was still, and they kept close in shore, Fms. vi. 190: hence the mod. naut. phrase, e-m tekr, to clear, weather; mér tók fyrir nesit, I cleared, weathered the ness; vindr þver, svo að þeim tekr ekki.

3. þar er eigi of tekr torf eðr grjót, where neither is at hand, Grág. ii. 262; þau dæmi tekr til þessa máls, the proofs of this are, that when …, Hom. 127.

B. Reflex., takask mikit á hendr, to take much in hand, Band. 3, Nj. 228, Fms. i. 159; tókumk ek þat á hendr, xi. 104; láta af takask, to let oneself be deprived of, Eg. 296; takask e-n á hendr.

2. to be brought about, take effect, succeed; cp. þykkir mikit í hættu hversu þér teksk, Ld. 310; þat tóksk honum, he succeeded, Bárð. 167; tekst þá tveir vilja, it succeeds when two will, i. e. joint efforts prevail, a saying:—takask til, to happen; Ásgrími tóksk svá til (it so happened to A.), sem sjaldan var vant, at vörn var í máii hans, Nj. 92; ef svá vill til takask. Fas. i. 251; svá erviðliga sem þeim hafði til tekizk at herja á þá feðga, Fms. i. 184; mér hefir úgiptuliga tekizk, Ld. 252; þætti mér allmiklu máli skipta at þér tækisk stórmannliga, that thou wouldst behave generously, Hkr. ii. 32; hefir þetta svá tekizk sem ván var at, er hann var barn at aldri, 268.

3. to take place, begin; tóksk orrosta, Nj. 8; teksk þar orrosta, 122; ráð takask, of a marriage; en ef þá takask eigi ráðin, if the wedding takes not place then, Grág. i. 311; lýkr svá at ráðin skyldi takask, 99; ráð þau skyldi takask at öðru sumri, Eg. 26, Fms. x. 40: to be realised, hvatamaðr at þessi ferð skyldi takask, Ld. 240; síðan er mægð hafdi tekizk með þeim, since they had intermarried, Eg. 37; takask með þeim góðar ástir, they came to love one another much, of newly-married people, passim; féráns dómr teksk, Grág. i. 95; takask nú af heimboðin, to cease, Ld. 208; ok er allt mál at ættvíg þessi takisk af, 258.

II. recipr., takask orðum, to speak to one another, Fms. xi. 13; ok er þeir tókusk at orðum, spurði hann …, Eg. 375; bræðr-synir takask arf eptir, entreat one another, Gþl. 241; ef menn takask fyrir árar eða þiljur, take from one another, 424: takask á, to wrestle, Bárð. 168; takask fangbrögðum, Ld. 252, Ísl. ii. 446: takask í hendr, to shake hands, Grág. i. 384, Nj. 3, 65.

III. part. tekinn; vóru þá tekin ( stopped) öll borgar-hlið ok vegar allir, at Norðmönnum kæmi engi njósn, Fms. vi. 411: Steinþórr var til þess tekinn, at …, S. was particularly named as …, Eb. 32, 150; hann var til þess tekinn, at honum var verra til hjóna en öðrum mönnum, Grett. 70 new Ed. (cp. mod. usage, taka til e-s, to wonder at): lá hann ok var mjök tekinn, very ill, Sturl. i. 89: Álfhildr var þungliga tekin, ok gékk henni nær dauða, Fms. iv. 274; hann var mjök tekinn ok þyngdr af líkþrá, ii. 229; þú ert Ílla at tekin fyrir vanheilsu sakir, vii. 244; ú-tekin jörð, an untaken, unclaimed estate, Sturl. iii. 57, Gþl. 313.

2. at af teknum þeim, except, Fms. x. 232; at af teknum úvinum sínum, 266, (Latinism.)

SUBJECT AREA: Broadcasting, Electronics and information technology, Recording, Telecommunications

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From an early age he was absorbed by phenomena of physics to the exclusion of all other subjects, including mathematics. When choosing his subjects for the final three years in Borgedydskolen in Christianshavn (Copenhagen) before university, he opted for languages and history. At the University of Copenhagen he embarked on the study of medicine in 1889, but broke it off and was apprenticed to the machine firm of A/S Frichs Eftf. in Aarhus. He was employed between 1893 and 1899 as a mechanic and assistant in the laboratory of the Copenhagen Telephone Company KTAS. Eventually he advanced to be Head of the line fault department. This suited his desire for experiment and measurement perfectly. After the invention of the telegraphone in 1898, he left the laboratory and with responsible business people he created Aktieselskabet Telegrafonen, Patent Poulsen in order to develop it further, together with Peder Oluf Pedersen (1874– 1941). Pedersen brought with him the mathematical background which eventually led to his professorship in electronic engineering in 1922.

The telegraphone was the basis for multinational industrial endeavours after it was demonstrated at the 1900 World's Exhibition in Paris. It must be said that its strength was also its weakness, because the telegraphone was unique in bringing sound recording and reproduction to the telephone field, but the lack of electronic amplifiers delayed its use outside this and the dictation fields (where headphones could be used) until the 1920s. However, commercial interest was great enough to provoke a number of court cases concerning patent infringement, in which Poulsen frequently figured as a witness.

In 1903–4 Poulsen and Pedersen developed the arc generator for continuous radio waves which was used worldwide for radio transmitters in competition with Marconi's spark-generating system. The inspiration for this work came from the research by William Duddell on the musical arc. Whereas Duddell had proposed the use of the oscillations generated in his electric arc for telegraphy in his 1901 UK patent, Poulsen contributed a chamber of hydrogen and a transverse magnetic field which increased the efficiency remarkably. He filed patent applications on these constructions from 1902 and the first publication in a scientific forum took place at the International Electrical Congress in St Louis, Missouri, in 1904.

In order to use continuous waves efficiently (the high frequency constituted a carrier), Poulsen developed both a modulator for telegraphy and a detector for the carrier wave. The modulator was such that even the more primitive spark-communication receivers could be used. Later Poulsen and Pedersen developed frequency-shift keying.

The Amalgamated Radio-Telegraph Company Ltd was launched in London in 1906, combining the developments of Poulsen and those of De Forest Wireless Telegraph Syndicate. Poulsen contributed his English and American patents. When this company was liquidated in 1908, its assets were taken over by Det Kontinentale Syndikat for Poulsen Radio Telegrafi, A/S in Copenhagen (liquidated 1930–1). Some of the patents had been sold to C.Lorenz AG in Berlin, which was very active.

The arc transmitting system was in use worldwide from about 1910 to 1925, and the power increased from 12 kW to 1,000 kW. In 1921 an exceptional transmitter rated at 1,800 kW was erected on Java for communications with the Netherlands. More than one thousand installations had been in use worldwide. The competing systems were initially spark transmitters (Marconi) and later rotary converters ( Westinghouse). Similar power was available from valve transmitters only much later.

From c. 1912 Poulsen did not contribute actively to further development. He led a life as a well-respected engineer and scientist and served on several committees. He had his private laboratory and made experiments in the composition of matter and certain resonance phenomena; however, nothing was published. It has recently been suggested that Poulsen could not have been unaware of Oberlin Smith's work and publication in 1888, but his extreme honesty in technical matters indicates that his development was indeed independent. In the case of the arc generator, Poulsen was always extremely frank about the inspiration he gained from earlier developers' work.

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1) ударя́ть

2) руби́ть, коло́ть

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* * *

vb cut,

F hew;

( småt) chop;

( stjæle) pinch, swipe, nick;

( gribe) catch,

( hurtigt) snatch;

(mar: stampe i søen) pitch;

[ hugge brænde] cut (, chop) firewood;

[ hugget sukker] lump sugar;

[ med præp, adv:]

[ hugge `af] cut off;

[` hugge efter]

( om slange) strike at;

[ hverken til at hugge eller stikke i] neither to be led nor driven;

[ hugge bremserne i] jam (el. slam) the brakes on;

[ hugge døren i] bang the door (to);

[ sidde og hugge i det] have trouble (in) making (both) ends meet; be hard up;

[ hugge sig i hånden] cut one's hand;

[ hugge sin mad i sig]

T gobble up one's food;

( mere grådigt) wolf one's food;

[ hugge ind på]

(mil.) charge;

[ hugge med næbbet] peck;

[ hugge ned for fode] cut down indiscriminately;

[ hugge om]

( fælde) cut down;

[ hugge op]

( skib, bil etc) break up, scrap;

[ hugge over] cut (in two);

[ hugge sønder og sammen] cut to pieces;

[ hugge ` til] strike,

( tilhugge) dress,

( råt) rough-hew;

[ hugge ud i sten] carve in stone.

* * *

I. (en -e)

( runde) turn, round;

(boksning etc) round;

( baneomgang, ved væddeløb) lap ( fx he led during the first lap);

( af drikkevarer) round ( fx he stood a round (of drinks));

(tur mht arbejde) turn;

( omdrejning) revolution, turn;

( prygl) beating;

( skænd) dressing-down;

( kvantum) lot ( fx give the wheel another lot of oil);

[ en omgang maling] a coat of paint;

[ en drøj omgang] a tough job;

[ en dyr omgang] an expensive affair;

[ i denne omgang] this time;

[ i første omgang] the first time;

( ofte =) to begin with;

[ på omgang] by turns;

[ det går på omgang mellem dem] they do it by turns.

II. (en)

( samkvem, især kønsligt) intercourse ( med with);

( omgangskreds) associates pl;

( måde at håndtere noget på) handling ( med of, fx careful handling of explosives);

[ uforsigtig omgang med] carelessness with;

[ pleje omgang med]

F have commerce with,

(neds) consort with ( fx criminals).

plein, pleine [plɛ̃, plεn]

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1. adjective

2. adverb

3. masculine noun

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► Lorsque plein fait partie d'une locution comme en plein air, en mettre plein la vue, reportez-vous aussi à l'autre mot.

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1. <